We've previously written about weather, including wind and rain specifically, but today we'll look at temperatures in particular.

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In Germany, temperatures are measured in Celsius rather than Fahrenheit. Here are a few conversions for your reference: 
50°F = 10°C
68°F = 20°C
86°F = 30°C

To state a temperature, using betragen is more formal than simply saying haben or liegen. As we wrote in a previous lesson, we use das Grad rather than der Grad with temperature:

In den Tiefen des Schmalen Luzin hat das Wasser noch eine Temperatur von vier Grad Celsius.

In the depths of the Schmaler Luzin lake, the water still has a temperature of four degrees Celsius.

Captions 22-23, Expeditionen ins Tierreich: Die Feldberger Seen

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Dort beträgt die Temperatur konstant vier Grad Celsius.

The temperature there is a constant four degrees Celsius.

Caption 28, Expeditionen ins Tierreich: Die Feldberger Seen

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Die Temperaturen liegen um die fünf Grad.

The temperatures will be at around five degrees.

Caption 12, WetterOnline: Schnee und Sonne zum ersten Advent

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Here are a few phrases for talking about temperatures rising and falling: 

Je größer die Temperaturschwankungen sind, desto stärker spüre ich meine Knochen.

The greater the temperature fluctuations are, the more I feel it in my bones.

Captions 16-17, Nicos Weg: Wieder so ein Wetter

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Die Temperatur darf nie über vierzehn Grad steigen.

The temperature must never rise above fourteen degrees [Celsius].

Caption 18, Expeditionen ins Tierreich: Die Feldberger Seen

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Nur wer sich an schnelle Wetterstürze und langanhaltende Winter anpassen kann, überlebt.

Only those who can adapt to rapid drops in temperature and long-lasting winters survive.

Captions 33-34, Die letzten Paradiese: Schätze der Natur - Südtirol 

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The compound nouns die Höchsttemperatur and die Durchschnittstemperatur can also be useful for talking about weather trends. 

Übrigens liegt hier die jährliche Durchschnittstemperatur über dem deutschen Durchschnitt.

By the way, the annual average temperature here is above the German average.

Captions 24-25, Yabla reist durch Europa: Mainz

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Am fünfzehnten Siebten misst Bayern mit achtunddreißig Komma acht Grad, die bislang höchste Temperatur in diesem Jahr.

On the fifteenth of July, Bavaria measured thirty-eight point eight degrees [Celsius], the highest temperature so far this year.

Captions 55-56, Langsam gesprochene Nachrichten: Die ZDF Sommerinterviews

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Further Learning
Practice talking about the current temperature, average temperature for a given month, and record high temperature where you live. You can also refer to additional examples on Yabla German.