In German, the verb passen means "to fit" or "to be suitable." 

Den find ich schön, aber der passt wohl nicht so in die Wohnung.

This one I find nice, but it probably isn't so suitable for the apartment.

Caption 38, Fine: bringt ihre Sachen vorbei

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Passt das so?

Is it OK like this?

Caption 33, Bundesländer und ihre Rezepte: Hessen

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The inseparable verb verpassen means "to miss" or "to miss out" in the sense of failing to catch or attend something scheduled. It's not about feeling absence. 

Es macht also nichts, wenn man eine Bahn verpasst hat.

So, it doesn't matter if you have missed a train.

Caption 35, Deutsch mit Eylin: Öffentliche Verkehrsmittel in Hamburg

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Geh' noch nicht heim, ey, weil ich nichts verpassen will.

Don't go home yet, hey, because I don't want to miss out on anything.

Caption 20, Wincent Weiss: Feuerwerk

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The separable verb aufpassen means "to watch out" or "to be careful." The structure auf jemanden aufpassen / auf etwas aufpassen means "to watch over someone" / "to watch over something." 

Wir haben aufgepasst, als wir die Seiten rausgerissen haben.

We were careful when we ripped out the pages.

Caption 57, Der kleine Nick: Nachmittag bei Adalbert

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Los! Passt auf, dass sie euch nicht erwischen

Come on! Be careful they don't catch you

Caption 38, Es war einmal... der Weltraum: Die Saurier

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Mal sehen, wie sie es finden, dass niemand dort ist, um auf ihre Waren aufzupassen.

Let's see how they feel about no one being there to watch over their merchandise.

Captions 18-19, Heidi: Schatzdiebe

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Three other separable verbs are anpassen, which means "to adjust," and reinpassen and hineinpassen, which mean "to fit in." 

Ihr könnt die Menge beliebig anpassen.

You can adjust the amount as you like.

Caption 27, Bundesländer und ihre Rezepte: Sachsen-Anhalt

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Der Schneefink ist an die widrigen Verhältnisse angepasst.

The snow finch is adapted to the adverse conditions.

Caption 32, Die letzten Paradiese Schätze der Natur: Südtirol

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Nun, Frau Schmidt, es hört sich so an, als würden Sie hier gut reinpassen.

Well, Ms. Schmidt, it sounds like you would fit in well here.

Captions 64-65, Berufsleben: das Vorstellungsgespräch

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In den Mund der Schlangennadel passt selbst eine Baby-Sepiole nicht hinein.

Even a baby bobtail squid doesn't fit in the mouth of the snake pipefish.

Caption 3, Abenteuer Nordsee: Unter Riesenhaien und Tintenfischen

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Further Learning
You'll find these words on Yabla German.

Don't be afraid of the difficult-looking words above! It's really quite simple: Homophones are words that sound the same, but have different meanings. Heterographs are homophones that also have different spellings. This can be quite confusing in spoken language, because the only way to tell homophones and heterographs apart is by the context in which they are used. The word "homophone" literally means "sounds the same," whereas the word "heterograph" means "written differently." In German, both nouns are neuter: das Homofon (or das Homophon) and das Heterofon (or das Heterophon).

Note too that in German, regional differences in pronunciation can sometimes make a set of words homophones in one region, but not in another. Let's take a look at some German heterographs today.

Monika aß sehr viel gekochtes Getreide.

Monika ate a lot of cooked grains.

Caption 4, Deutsch mit Eylin - Ernährungsformen

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Wenn die Nahrung knapp wird, begnügt er sich mit Aas.

When food becomes scarce, it makes do with carrion.

Caption 26, Die letzten Paradiese - Schätze der Natur: Südtirol

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It's ironic (and a bit disgusting) that the past tense of "to eat" (aß, from essen) sounds the same as the word for cadaver (das Aas). There's a certain logic, however, in the fact that most animal cadavers in the wild tend to get eaten by scavenger animals. When a homophone pair consists of a verb and a noun, you can construct funny-sounding sentences from them, such as: Er aß das Aas. By the way, only humans are referred to with the verb essen ("to eat"), whereas animals always take the verb fressen ("to devour"). And indeed, fressen also has a heterograph.

Das Pferd frisst gerne Äpfel.

The horse likes eating apples.

Caption 38, Deutsch mit Eylin - Pronomen

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Diese Frist kann verlängert werden,

This deadline can be extended

und zwar wieder nur durch einen einstimmigen Beschluss.

and only—indeed once again—through a unanimous ruling.

Caption 19, Brexit-Votum - Merkel warnt vor Spaltung Europas

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The third-person present tense of "to devour" (fressen) is frisst, and die Frist is a deadline or time limit. Der Pferd frisst Äpfel lieber ohne Frist. Nobody likes to be hurried to eat, right?

Er bot den Frauen ein Abkommen an.

He offered the women a deal.

Caption 55, Märchen - Sagenhaft - Die Weiber von Weinsberg

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Oje, das Boot von Opa Wutz hat kein Benzin mehr.

Uh oh, Grandpa Wutz's boat is out of gas.

Caption 16, Peppa Wutz - Sport

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Thus the past tense of "to offer" (bot, from bieten) is a heterograph of das Boot. Using both words in the same sentence, you can say something like: Das Boot bot uns viele Reisemöglichkeiten.

Wenn diese Temperatur so anhält,

If this temperature continues,

frieren die ganzen Seen in der Umgebung, wie ihr auch hinter mir sehen könnt, komplett zu.

all the lakes in the area will completely freeze over, as you can see behind me.

Captions 6-7, Unterwegs mit Cettina - Schlittschuhlaufen

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In this case, the plural of "lake" (der See) is Seen, and the verb "to see" is sehen. In the above example, both words of this heterograph pair are already in a single sentence.

Further Learning
Take a look at these examples of German homophones on Wikipedia and find some examples of the words used in a real-world context on Yabla German. Then see if you can create some German sentences using both homophones in the same sentence. You are allowed to make silly sentences, of course!